...i moved the bias spring from the hooked postion to the other postion and the ringer rings somewhat louder, but not really up to snuff. i checked the voltage across tip&ring while phone is ringing,and as the phone starts to ring it is 105vac, and at the end of the ring cycle it is 120vac, seems to be plenty of juice. might be the bias spring like lightninghorse mentioned. i guess i will keep my eyes out for another old phone for parts!..bob